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Mitotic chromosomes

James R. Paulson, Damien F. Hudson, Fernanda Cisneros-Soberanis, William C. Earnshaw

Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Sep; 117: 7–29. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.03.014

PMCID:: PMC8406421

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Evolutionary pattern of karyotypes and meiosis in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): implications for reconstructing chromosome evolution of araneomorph spiders

Ivalú M. Ávila Herrera, Jiří Král, Markéta Pastuchová, Martin Forman, Jana Musilová, Tereza Kořínková, František Šťáhlavský, Magda Zrzavá, Petr Nguyen, Pavel Just, Charles R. Haddad, Matyáš Hiřman, Martina Koubová, David Sadílek, Bernhard A. Huber

BMC Ecol Evol. 2021; 21: 75. Published online 2021 May 3. doi: 10.1186/s12862-021-01750-8

Correction in:: BMC Ecol Evol. 2021; 21: 93.

PMCID:: PMC8091558

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Linker histone H1.8 inhibits chromatin binding of condensins and DNA topoisomerase II to tune chromosome length and individualization

Pavan Choppakatla, Bastiaan Dekker, Erin E Cutts, Alessandro Vannini, Job Dekker, Hironori Funabiki

eLife. 2021; 10: e68918. Published online 2021 Aug 18. doi: 10.7554/eLife.68918

PMCID:: PMC8416026

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Multiple sex chromosomes in teleost fishes from a cytogenetic perspective: state of the art and future challenges

Alexandr Sember, Petr Nguyen, Manolo F. Perez, Marie Altmanová, Petr Ráb, Marcelo de Bello Cioffi

Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. September 13, 2021; 376(1833): 20200098. Published online July 26, 2021. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0098

PMCID:: PMC8310710

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Ultra-Structural Imaging Provides 3D Organization of 46 Chromosomes of a Human Lymphocyte Prophase Nucleus

Atiqa Sajid, El-Nasir Lalani, Bo Chen, Teruo Hashimoto, Darren K. Griffin, Archana Bhartiya, George Thompson, Ian K. Robinson, Mohammed Yusuf

Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun; 22(11): 5987. Published online 2021 Jun 1. doi: 10.3390/ijms22115987

PMCID:: PMC8198510

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Chromosome organization by one-sided and two-sided loop extrusion

Edward J Banigan, Aafke A van den Berg, Hugo B Brandão, John F Marko, Leonid A Mirny

eLife. 2020; 9: e53558. Published online 2020 Apr 6. doi: 10.7554/eLife.53558

PMCID:: PMC7295573

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Molecular dissection of condensin II-mediated chromosome assembly using in vitro assays

Makoto M Yoshida, Kazuhisa Kinoshita, Yuuki Aizawa, Shoji Tane, Daisuke Yamashita, Keishi Shintomi, Tatsuya Hirano

eLife. 2022; 11: e78984. Published online 2022 Aug 19. doi: 10.7554/eLife.78984

PMCID:: PMC9433093

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Mitotic chromosomes scale to nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and cell size in Xenopus

Coral Y Zhou, Bastiaan Dekker, Ziyuan Liu, Hilda Cabrera, Joel Ryan, Job Dekker, Rebecca Heald

eLife. 2023; 12: e84360. Published online 2023 Apr 25. doi: 10.7554/eLife.84360

PMCID:: PMC10260010

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Kinetochore component function in C. elegans oocytes revealed by 4D tracking of holocentric chromosomes

Laras Pitayu-Nugroho, Mélanie Aubry, Kimberley Laband, Hélène Geoffroy, Thadshagine Ganeswaran, Audi Primadhanty, Julie C. Canman, Julien Dumont

Nat Commun. 2023; 14: 4032. Published online 2023 Jul 7. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-39702-z

PMCID:: PMC10329006

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Structural reorganization and relaxation dynamics of axially stressed chromosomes

Benjamin S. Ruben, Sumitabha Brahmachari, Vinícius G. Contessoto, Ryan R. Cheng, Antonio B. Oliveira Junior, Michele Di Pierro, José N. Onuchic

Biophys J. 2023 May 2; 122(9): 1633–1645. Published online 2023 Mar 22. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.03.029

PMCID:: PMC10183323

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Nonequilibrium Biophysical Processes Influence the Large-Scale Architecture of the Cell Nucleus

Ankit Agrawal, Nirmalendu Ganai, Surajit Sengupta, Gautam I. Menon

Biophys J. 2020 May 5; 118(9): 2229–2244. Published online 2019 Nov 22. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.11.017

PMCID:: PMC7202941

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Modeling the functions of condensin in chromosome shaping and segregation

Yuji Sakai, Atsushi Mochizuki, Kazuhisa Kinoshita, Tatsuya Hirano, Masashi Tachikawa

PLoS Comput Biol. 2018 Jun; 14(6): e1006152. Published online 2018 Jun 18. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006152

PMCID:: PMC6005465

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Genetic and spatial organization of the unusual chromosomes of the dinoflagellate Symbiodinium microadriaticum

Ankita Nand, Ye Zhan, Octavio R. Salazar, Manuel Aranda, Christian R. Voolstra, Job Dekker

Nat Genet. 2021; 53(5): 618–629. Published online 2021 Apr 29. doi: 10.1038/s41588-021-00841-y

PMCID:: PMC8110479

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Chromosome disentanglement driven via optimal compaction of loop-extruded brush structures

Sumitabha Brahmachari, John F. Marko

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Dec 10; 116(50): 24956–24965. Published online 2019 Nov 22. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1906355116

PMCID:: PMC6911191

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Condensin controls mitotic chromosome stiffness and stability without forming a structurally contiguous scaffold

Mingxuan Sun, Ronald Biggs, Jessica Hornick, John F. Marko

Chromosome Res. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2019 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: Chromosome Res. 2018 Dec; 26(4): 277–295. Published online 2018 Aug 24. doi: 10.1007/s10577-018-9584-1

PMCID:: PMC6370136

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Male meiotic spindle features that efficiently segregate paired and lagging chromosomes

Gunar Fabig, Robert Kiewisz, Norbert Lindow, James A Powers, Vanessa Cota, Luis J Quintanilla, Jan Brugués, Steffen Prohaska, Diana S Chu, Thomas Müller-Reichert

eLife. 2020; 9: e50988. Published online 2020 Mar 10. doi: 10.7554/eLife.50988

PMCID:: PMC7101234

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Analysis of Paralogons, Origin of the Vertebrate Karyotype, and Ancient Chromosomes Retained in Extant Species

Trevor D Lamb

Genome Biol Evol. 2021 Apr; 13(4): evab044. Published online 2021 Mar 4. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evab044

PMCID:: PMC8040251

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Regulation of the mitotic chromosome folding machines

Bastiaan Dekker, Job Dekker

Biochem J. 2022 Oct 28; 479(20): 2153–2173. Published online 2022 Oct 21. doi: 10.1042/BCJ20210140

PMCID:: PMC9704520

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Antagonism between the dynein and Ndc80 complexes at kinetochores controls the stability of kinetochore–microtubule attachments during mitosis

Mohammed A. Amin, Richard J. McKenney, Dileep Varma

J Biol Chem. 2018 Apr 20; 293(16): 5755–5765. Published online 2018 Feb 23. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA117.001699

Correction in:: J Biol Chem. 2018 Jul 6; 293(27): 10825.

PMCID:: PMC5912454

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Micromanipulation of prophase I chromosomes from mouse spermatocytes reveals high stiffness and gel-like chromatin organization

Ronald J. Biggs, Ning Liu, Yiheng Peng, John F. Marko, Huanyu Qiao

Commun Biol. 2020; 3: 542. Published online 2020 Sep 30. doi: 10.1038/s42003-020-01265-w

PMCID:: PMC7528058

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PMC Images search for rod chromosome

Figure 5

Meiotic chromosomes of (Ae. biuncialis Ab7 × S. cereale) × Sekundo F₁ hybrid after GISH with genomic DNA probes of: Ae. umbellulata (UU; red) and Ae. comosa (MM; green) blocked with genomic DNA of triticale “Sekundo” (A- and B-genome chromosomes—gray, R-genome chromosomes—blue). Examples of seven types of intergenomic MI associations: (a) U-/M-genome rod bivalent; (b) T(A- or B-genome)/U-genome rod bivalent; (c) R-/U-genome ring bivalent; (d) T(A- or B-genome)/M-genome rod bivalent; (e) R-/M-genome rod bivalent; (f) T(A- or B-genome)/R-genome rod bivalent; (g) M-/T(A- or B-genome)/U-genome rod trivalent; (h) U-/M-/U-genome V-shape trivalent. Arrows indicate intergenomic chromosome pairing events.

Adaptation of the Pivotal-Differential Genome Pattern for the Induction of Intergenomic Chromosome Recombination in Hybrids of Synthetic Amphidiploids within Triticeae Tribe

Front Plant Sci. 2017;8:1300.
Figure 6.

Possible meiotic outcomes for females carrying one Ring X chromosome and one normal Rod X chromosome. (A) Absence of inter-homologue or inter-sister exchange should yield equal numbers of meiotic products/progeny carrying either the Ring X or the Rod X chromatid. (B) Although a single crossover between homologous chromosomes will generate a dicentric chromosome that will not be transmitted, the number of progeny inheriting a nonrecombinant Ring or Rod chromosome should still be relatively equal. (C) Sister chromatid exchange between Rod X chromosomes should not affect their segregation. In contrast, a single crossover between the two Ring X sister chromatids will yield a large dicentric Ring chromosome that will not be transmitted to progeny. Therefore, high levels of sister chromatid exchange should cause Rod-containing progeny to greatly outnumber the Ring-containing progeny.

The cohesion protein ORD is required for homologue bias during meiotic recombination

J Cell Biol. 2004 Mar 15;164(6):819-829.
FIGURE 2

Electroretinogram responses of members of family PKRP115 diagnosed with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP). (First row) Responses from Individual 11 (from left to right): left eye combined rod and cone response, left eye cone response, right eye combined rod and cone response, and right eye cone response. (Second row) Responses from Individual 9 (from left to right): left eye combined rod and cone response, left eye cone response, right eye combined rod and cone response, and right eye cone response. (Third row) Responses from Individual 7 (from left to right): left eye combined rod and cone response, left eye cone response, right eye combined rod and cone response, and right eye cone response. Affected individuals have typical RP changes including loss of both rod and cone responses, whereas electroretinography readings of unaffected persons show no changes in the rod and cone response.

A Novel Locus for Autosomal Recessive Retinitis Pigmentosa in a Consanguineous Pakistani Family Maps to Chromosome 2p

Am J Ophthalmol. ;149(5):861-866.
Figure 4

Metaphase I pairing of chromosomes 1R with deletions. From left to right: chromosome _del1RS.1RL paired as a rod in the short arm and as a ring and chromosome 1RS. _del1RL paired as a rod in the long arm and as a ring. Short arms are marked by non-hybridized (red) bands of the NOR region.

Instability of Alien Chromosome Introgressions in Wheat Associated with Improper Positioning in the Nucleus

Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Mar;20(6):1448.